Educational Progress With Children Who Have Intellectual...

Topic Behavioral principles have long been employed to achieve educational progress with children who have intellectual disabilities (Drew Hardman, 2007). An issue of substantial concern is behaviors that may be self-injurious or dangerous to those surrounding the individual. In order to prevent occurrences of inappropriate behavior, family members and the educational staff must put effective interventions into place. These behavior procedures include the use of punishment and aversive consequences, and are sometimes put forth by professionals to change inappropriate behavior (Drew Hardman, 2007). However, controversy exists over the social and ethical issues involved with the implementation of aversive procedures, especially when working with young children. Aversive techniques have received considerable attention in the field of educating children with intellectual disabilities and are seen by many professionals and parents as being unethical and unnecessary. The use of aversive techniques is one of the most frequently discussed issues in the field of developmental disabilities and one of the most important topics in behavior modification (Goza, Rickettes, Perkins, 1993). Treatments for children or other persons who have difficulty in protecting their rights directly are often scrutinized by other persons such as parents, judges, institutional review committees, whose task is to evaluate their acceptability (Kazdin, 1984). Since individuals with intellectualShow MoreRelatedIndividuals With Disabilities Education Act1688 Words   |  7 Pages INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES EDUCATION ACT IDEA - - - - A law ensuring services to children with disabilities throughout the nation. IDEA governs how states and public agencies provide early intervention, special education, and related services to more than 6.5 million eligible infants, toddlers, children, and youth with disabilities. http://idea.ed.gov/ IDEA -Was originally enacted by Congress in 1975 to ensure that children with disabilities have the opportunity to receive a free appropriateRead MoreStudents With Intellectual Disabilities ( Id )1107 Words   |  5 Pagesstudents with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) in a classroom setting. I had interviewed Ms. Chisolm (Special Education Teacher) for the Jersey City Public Schools District, who works with students of multiple disabilities. Intelligence disabilities (ID) mean the mental capabilities of a child’s knowledge and skills. Intellectual disability can be developed during childbirth or before the age of eighteen. It is imperative for me to know, â€Å"What are the characteristics of students with intellectual disabilitiesRead MoreUnderstanding Special Education Essay example1239 Words   |  5 PagesEducation is a birthright of every child. Special education involves the education of students with special needs in a way that addresses a students’ individual disa bilities and requirements. These programs are designed so that special learners may learn skills which will assist them in coming closer in learning to children without disabilities. The field of special education has moved from a perspective of protection and caretaking to an emphasis on learning and growth. The question is not whether studentsRead MoreThe Field Of Special Education1387 Words   |  6 PagesThe commitment of teaching in the field of special education is challenging. The undertaking is prodigious, but when a child with disabilities flourishes under the direction of a special education teacher’s leadership, the outcome is life altering for both. The main goal for a student with special needs is for the student to acquire skills that are vital to achieve placement in a regular education classroom and be able to take part in the class on a daily basis. In order for a strategy of inclusionRead MoreDevelopmental Disabilities and Speech and Language Impaiments1209 Words   |  5 Pagesschool aged children between the ages of 5 years-old to 17 years-old in the United States non-institutionalized population. Of the 53.9 million children, about 2 .8 million (5.2%) were reported to have a disability in 2010. About 1 in 6 children in the U.S. had a developmental disability in 2006-2008 which is a 17.1% increase from 1998. Developmental disabilities range from mild disabilities such as ADHD, speech and language impairments to serious developmental disabilities, such as intellectual disabilitiesRead MoreIntroduction. In Their 1995 Book Tinkering Toward Utopia:1740 Words   |  7 Pagesstudents were originally defined as those who were slow learners and unable to promote to the next age-appropriate grade alongside their peers. The concept of different children developing at different rates led to the formation of the IQ test. The categorization of students by their level of intelligence followed suit. By the early twentieth century, special schools were developed for retarded children to provide them with opportunities for intellectual growth equal to those of their peers. As theRead MoreEssay on Understanding Persons with Inte llectual Disabilities1518 Words   |  7 Pages It is important to understand the terms that are associated with intellectual disabilities. The first term is disability. Disability is an individual performing which includes physical, sensory, cognitive, intellectual mental illness impairments, and various types of chronic diseases. The next term involves intelligence. This term is the ability to think logically, reason out problems, prepare, understand difficult ideas, examine intellectually, and the ability to determine quickly and or acquireRead MoreSpecial Education: a Look at the History1279 Words   |  6 Pagesaddress the historical landmarks and legislation that have formed and created our current special education system. We will take a journey from the start of public education and its exclusion of special needs students to the current push for inclusion of all students learning within a general education classroom. The author will also share some of the pros and cons of current educational legislation with regard to Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and No Child Left Behind (NCLB) andRead MoreTheme 1: Legislation. The Irish Constitution Enshrines1521 Words   |  7 Pagessociety. The State must ensure that children with disabilities have equal opportunities to participate fully in education through the removal of barriers that impede the realisation of their rights. International agreements and legislative provision for those with disabilities have witnessed considerable development. Worldwide, as people with disabilities challenged the stigmatising and limiting nature of segregated education, issues of equality of access and educational opportunity gained impetus. TheRead MoreLabeling: Disability and Special Education1457 Words   |  6 PagesExceptional children and what place do they have in our schools? Exceptional children are children who are either exceptionally gifted or children with exceptional learning disabilities. These are children whose performances are way above the average child or way below the average child. When they perform way above the average child, they are called gifted. When they perform way below the average, we say they are children with learning disabilities. Like any other child, these children with exceptionalities

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act - 1192 Words

The citizen suite in regards to environmental acts, regulations and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act is an essential tool in regulating impacts on the environment, public health, and the health of the wildlife. If used properly it can be an essential weapon for the public to keep companies, organizations, individuals, and even federal agencies in check. Citizen suits should not be taking lightly though, as it takes a great deal of time, research, and patience in trying to win a citizen suit case. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act provision 7002, 42 U.S.C Section 6972 states a civil action may be taken (B) against any person, including the United States and any other governmental instrumentality or agency, to the extent†¦show more content†¦The provision 7002 section 42 U.S.C 6972 (b)(1)(A)(i-iii) states that there can be no action taken prior to the 60 days after the notice of the violation has been given to the administrator, the stated in which the alleged violation occurred, to any alleged violator in regards to such permit, regulation, and standard. (42 U.S. Code 6972 - Citizen Suits) Under the same provision in (a) (1) (b) not action can be taken prior to 90 days. (Strang, C. E.) In order to make sure that the citizen is not rejected, the plaintiff should provide a detailed notice. The plaintiff should include a â€Å"diligent prosecution bar† to make sure the citizen suit is not precluded by the government. â€Å"The first step is a comparison of the facts and related violations alleged in a citizen’s complaint with those alleged in the state’s complaint.† (CITIZEN ENFORCEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS) The alleged violation cannot be the same as the states or the EPA’s or the citizen suit could be precluded. This goes back to the notice requirement and the time frame given to both the alleged offender and the state and EPA. The state and EPA during that time decides whether to a take action on the case or not. â€Å"The second step, the diligent prosecution analysis, is triggered only with respect to matching facts and violations. â€Å"Diligent prosecution† is only a bar to a citizen suit for the precise same claims that have been â€Å"prosecuted,† andShow MoreRelatedResource Recovery And Conservation Act Of 19761880 Words   |  8 PagesResource Recovery and Conservation Act Introduction: In 1965 the Solid Waste Disposal Act was passed, providing for reductions in waste, environmentally friendly waste management, resource conservation, and aimed to safeguard citizens from the effects of hazardous waste. Eleven years later this act was amended to become the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976. The amended act created a regulatory system that embraced reduce, reuse, and recycle; it also banned open dumping. Dumping ofRead MoreEthics And Value Of The Aberdeen Essay1457 Words   |  6 Pageshandling, storing, and disposing of hazardous wastes in violation of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The violations occurred between 1983 and 1986. Case Details: In 1976, Congress passed the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The purpose of the act was to provide technical and financial assistance for the development of management plans and facilities for the recovery of energy and other resources from discarded materials and for the safe disposal of discarded materialsRead MoreOverview Of The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, And Liability Act727 Words   |  3 PagesComprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), Congress enacted several acts to protect the public and the environment from hazardous toxic wastes. 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Although Herbert Hoover made somewhat of an attempt trying to reconcile the country, but he was unable to live up to his rhetoric, â€Å"prosperity is right around the corner.† Hoover failed to comprehend the extent of the damage of the stock market crashRead MoreRoosevelt s New Deal For The American People899 Words   |  4 Pageseventually established the New Deal for his campaign. The New Deal attracted support from farmers, factory workers, immigrants, city folk, African Americans, women, and progressive intellectuals. Roosevelt had three interrelated objectives: relief, recovery, and reform. Roosevelt wanted to develop plans to meet economic emergency so the New Dealers’ policies were s haped by four underlying ideas. The first one included Roosevelt and his advisers, who sought capitalist solutions to the economic crisisRead MoreThe New Deal. Samantha Archer. Pols 1101: American Government.1359 Words   |  6 PagesIn July of 1932, in the midst of the greatest economic crisis in U.S. history, Franklin D. Roosevelt accepted the Democratic Party’s presidential nomination, promising â€Å"a new deal for the American people.† That promise became a series of relief, recovery, and reform programs designed to provide assistance to the unemployed and poor, revive the economy, and change the financial system to prevent another depression Who developed and implemented the New Deal? The New Deal was developed by Franklin DRead MoreEssay On Management Of Hazardsous And Non-Hazardous Wastes1123 Words   |  5 PagesNovember 27, our main topic was on Management of Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Wastes. Our main discussions on this topic were Resource Conservation Recovery Act (RCRA), Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation Recovery Liability Act (CERCLA) and Brownfields. We also discussed on blog posts, and their implication in our communities. Conservation Recovery Act (RCRA) is administered under the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It is designed to provide safe handling and containmentRead MoreRecycling Programs Essay1502 Words   |  7 Pagesdo with behavior change among the population. According to environmental psychologists, recycling has been referred to as a ‘commons dilemma’. This means that natural resources are being overused due to the existing conflict between individual and group interests. Nevertheless, the government has taken center stage in conservation of the environment through the initiation of the recycling programs. The purpose of this paper is to explore the implications of having federal and state agencies includingRead More1Business Ethics Is The Application Of Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pagespersons ethical or unethical behavior in the workplace. a. True b. False 4. Regulations and laws were much stricter in the first quarter of the twentieth century than they are now. a. True b. False 5. The Interstate Commerce Act was the first federal act to regulate business practices. a. True b. False 6. A Latin phrase, caveat emptor, summarizes the vulnerable position that consumers were in the early 1900s. a. True b. False 7. The EPA is a federal agency charged with enforcingRead MoreConservation banking was modeled after the U.S. wetland mitigation banking system and the two900 Words   |  4 PagesConservation banking was modeled after the U.S. wetland mitigation banking system and the two programs share many similarities. However, unlike the wetland mitigation system, conservation offsets do not have a stated ‘no net loss’ goal, but instead have a species recovery goal. Both conservation and wetlands mitigation banks are privately or publicly owned lands which are protected and managed for its ecological value. By doing this, the bank sponsor generates habitat or wetland or stream credits

Seligram, Inc.answer Essay Example For Students

Seligram, Inc.answer Essay Case 3: Seligram, Inc. Group: Question 2: (a) Burden on labor cost basis Product Burden $ Total ICA 917. 00 1329. 65 2246. 65 ICB 2051 . 00 2973. 95 5024. 95 Capacitor 1094. 00 1 586. 30 2680. 30 Amplifier 525. 00 761 . 25 1286. 25 Diode 519. 00 752. 55 1271 . 55 (b) Burden on two cost pools basis Proposed by MA Burden on MH Total cost Burden 80$/MH 183. 40 2580. 40 410. 20 3200 5661 . 20 218. 80 1912. 80 105. 00 1030. 00 103. 80 1 582. 80 Effective Machine-hour rate = test room burden/total machine hours= Burden on three cost pools basis Main room burden Mech. room burden Total Cost 63$/MH 113$/MH 535. 5 1130 2765. 90 882 80. 00 (C) 6281 . 20 189 508. 5 2010. 30 252 113 995. 00 441 565 1628. 80 *Calculate the machine hour rate of each room Machine hours Machine hour rate Main Test room 2103116 33201 Mechanical test room 1926263 17103 4029379 50304 176 Question 3 4: We prefer the system proposed by the consultant. Because the flaw in the current system is that the system stands in a spending perspective, which allocate all overhead to all product at the same rate. However, some products are produced on imple labor-intensive equipment while others require very expensive automated equipment. Therefore it is extremely unlikely that all products consume direct labor and overhead in the same proportion. It will easily lead toa death spiral. When testing process become more complicated, more expensive equipment are needed ana less laDor cost are Involved, cost 0T eacn product wlll grow as tne allocatlon rate grows(OH increase and DL decrease), and customers frightened by the high cost will decrease, which will lead to another increase in the cost of each product. Though the econd system identified DL and MH as cost drivers, we still think the system proposed by consultant is better than the accounting manager. Because not all component require both mechanical test and electronic test, allocate all overhead from 2 test rooms to all component isnt reasonable. (Q3) Although we prefer the consultants proposal, the three-cost-pool system still can be improved by separating the technical support costs from the existing pool, forming a dependent pool (Q4). Each type of component required separate software development, custom tools and ixtures that were developed by the engineering group. DL can hardly be the cost factor. Besides, a shift to more technically sophisticated service indicates that engineering burden would be a quite important component of the total cost in each product. So we suggest that we need to figure out a new cost factor. We suggest that we can take a weighed-average method which give different weights to different products based on their different degree of dependence on the engineering group their dependence on technique. We can ask the production manager data of the xtent the product relies on engineering. Then we can allocate the engineering burden to each product. Therefore we recommend a four-cost-pool system that separate technical support from general direct labor burden. Question 5 We would like to treat the new machine as a separate cost center. We can use the burden rate to make decision. If the new burden rate of the new machine included in the main test room is lower than the burden rate of main test room before, we can accept the inclusion. However, if the new burden rate is higher, we must reject the nclusion and treat it as a separate cost center. So we use the data based on 1988 plan in Exhibit 5 to calculate the new burden rate, which the new machine is included. (1) The first year Machine Hour Variable Depreciation Other Old machine 33,201 887,379 88,779 Z103,116 New machine 1 oo,ooo 500,000 225,000 825,000 33,601 98779 588,779 2928,116 Machine-hour rate†test room burden/machine hour=2928116/33601=87. 4 Effective Machine-Hour Rate=$87 From the third year, the new machines utilization rise to 60% and in all subsequent ears (2) Subsequent years Year Machine hour Effective machine-hour rate 88779 3 2,400 281 ,250 1 50,000 533,650 $74 Sum 35,601 370,029 2636,766 4 New macnlne 210,000 462,400 $72 298,779 2565,516 5 160,000 412,400 $71 248,779 2515,516 6 7 8 1 53,750 406,150 $70 242,529 2509,266 From the question 2, we have already known that the Effective Machine-Hour Burden Rate of Main Test Room under consultant s three-pool method is $63. .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25 , .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25 .postImageUrl , .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25 , .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25:hover , .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25:visited , .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25:active { border:0!important; } .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25:active , .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25 .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud7f94d3f365a1ec190f9cdcc6c724b25:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Art Of Giotto Di Bondone EssayNevertheless, in the new machine inclusion analysis presented above, the first years burden rate is $87. Although the total cost of new machine will steadily decline in subsequent years because of the accelerated depreciation and the missing of installation and programming cost, in the table data the rates of subsequent years are all above $70. So we should object the inclusion method. And more important is the new machine is worked only for a small amount of customer. It is unfair for other customer whose components also tested in main test room to bear this burden, which make customers go away. In conclusion, we should set a separate cost center Tor tne new macnlne

MLA guidelines Essays - Bibliography, Punctuation, Reference

1.APA-does not refer to a writing style; it is the editorial style developed by the American Psychological Association for use in books and journals 2.MLA-based on the agreement of teachers, librarians, and other teachers in the fields of language and literature on the preferred way to document research to write a paper (we use this most often) a.Developed by the Modern Language Association and has been used since 1951 b.MLA also has rules for plagiarism, evaluating the authenticity of sources, and the reliability of web-based writings 3.How to write a paper- a.Type/print text from a word-processing program on one side of standard 8.5x11 inch paper b.Double space text c.12pt font size d.margins are 1 in. e.create a header and number the pages in order in the right hand upper side of the paper f.header is inch from the top and flush with right margin g.include endnotes on a separate page before works cited page (endnotes are used to avoid long, explanatory, notes in body of text) h.notes page should be titled Notes (centered, do not bold, italicize, or underline; use Note if there is only one note) i.Notes are double-spaced and listed by consecutive Arabic numbers that are same as notation in the text j.Place a period and space after each endnote number k.Notes are indented 5 spaces; every other line in a note is flush w/ left margin 4.Using quotations in your writing a.Quoting and paraphrasing are used to refer to works of others that you wrote in your paper b.When quoting/paraphrasing, always; i.Write authors name (or title of work if no author) and page, paragraph, or line number in parenthetical citation ex. (Smith 16). The period goes on the outside of citation ii.Use full citation information for the work in your works cited list iii.All quotes/parenthetical references included must match information in list of works cited 5.Using abbreviations a.Do not use in a research paper unless in parentheses) b.Do not begin sentence with lowercase abbreviations c.Spell out whole names of places (ex. USA is United States of America) d.When writing initials of person, put a period and a single space after each letter (J. A. Smith) 6.Using capitalization a.In a title-capitalize 1st word, last word, and important words in title/subtitles b.Also for headings in your paper c.In a sentence-capitalize 1st word, 1st word after colon, and proper nouns d.Do NOT capitalize articles (a, an, the), prepositions (against, between in, of, us), conjunctions (and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet), or infinitive (to) unless beginning they begin a title or follow a colon 7.Using numbers: a.Big numbers written in arabic numerals (250, 7349) b.If you need numbers for % or to explain results, use numbers but write out numbers for everything else c.Hyphenate compound numbers (twenty-one) d.Do not begin a sentence with a number e.Do not mix numbers with written out numbers